고급 쿼리

qc = client.create_query_context(
    query="SELECT {k:Int32}",
    parameters={"k": 13},
)
result = client.query(context=qc)
assert result.first_row == (13,)

qc.set_parameter("k", 79)
result = client.query(context=qc)
assert result.first_row == (79,)

with client.query_row_block_stream(
    "SELECT pickup, dropoff, pickup_longitude, pickup_latitude FROM taxi_trips"
) as stream:
    for block in stream:
        for row in block:
            process_trip(row)

df_stream = client.query_df_stream("SELECT * FROM hits")
column_names = df_stream.source.column_names
with df_stream:
    for df in df_stream:
        process_dataframe(df)

import clickhouse_connect

client = clickhouse_connect.get_client()

# Stream large result sets row by row
with client.query_rows_stream("SELECT number, number * 2 as doubled FROM system.numbers LIMIT 100000") as stream:
    for row in stream:
        print(row)  # Process each row
        # Output:
        # (0, 0)
        # (1, 2)
        # (2, 4)
        # Additional rows follow

import clickhouse_connect

client = clickhouse_connect.get_client()

# Stream in blocks of rows (more efficient than row-by-row)
with client.query_row_block_stream("SELECT number, number * 2 FROM system.numbers LIMIT 100000") as stream:
    for block in stream:
        print(f"Received block with {len(block)} rows")

import clickhouse_connect

client = clickhouse_connect.get_client()

# Stream query results as Pandas DataFrames
with client.query_df_stream("SELECT number, toString(number) AS str FROM system.numbers LIMIT 100000") as stream:
    for df in stream:
        # Process each DataFrame block
        print(f"Received DataFrame with {len(df)} rows")
        print(df.head(3))

import clickhouse_connect

client = clickhouse_connect.get_client()

# Stream query results as Arrow record batches
with client.query_arrow_stream("SELECT * FROM large_table") as stream:
    for arrow_batch in stream:
        # Process each Arrow batch
        print(f"Received Arrow batch with {arrow_batch.num_rows} rows")

import asyncio

import clickhouse_connect


async def main():
    async_client = await clickhouse_connect.get_async_client()
    async with await async_client.query_rows_stream(
        "SELECT number FROM numbers(100000)"
    ) as stream:
        async for row in stream:
            print(row)


asyncio.run(main())

import clickhouse_connect

client = clickhouse_connect.get_client()

# Query returns a NumPy array
np_array = client.query_np("SELECT number, number * 2 AS doubled FROM system.numbers LIMIT 5")

print(type(np_array))
# Output:
# <class 'numpy.ndarray'>

print(np_array)
# Output:
# [[0 0]
#  [1 2]
#  [2 4]
#  [3 6]
#  [4 8]]

import clickhouse_connect

client = clickhouse_connect.get_client()

# Query returns a Pandas DataFrame
df = client.query_df("SELECT number, number * 2 AS doubled FROM system.numbers LIMIT 5")

print(type(df))
# Output: <class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
print(df)
# Output:
#    number  doubled
# 0       0        0
# 1       1        2
# 2       2        4
# 3       3        6
# 4       4        8

import clickhouse_connect

client = clickhouse_connect.get_client()

# Query returns a PyArrow Table
arrow_table = client.query_arrow("SELECT number, toString(number) AS str FROM system.numbers LIMIT 3")

print(type(arrow_table))
# Output:
# <class 'pyarrow.lib.Table'>

print(arrow_table)
# Output:
# pyarrow.Table
# number: uint64 not null
# str: string not null
# ----
# number: [[0,1,2]]
# str: [["0","1","2"]]

import clickhouse_connect

client = clickhouse_connect.get_client()

# Query returns a Pandas DataFrame with Arrow dtypes (requires pandas 2.x)
df = client.query_df_arrow(
    "SELECT number, toString(number) AS str FROM system.numbers LIMIT 3",
    dataframe_library="pandas"
)

print(df.dtypes)
# Output:
# number    uint64[pyarrow]
# str       string[pyarrow]
# dtype: object

# Or use Polars
polars_df = client.query_df_arrow(
    "SELECT number, toString(number) AS str FROM system.numbers LIMIT 3",
    dataframe_library="polars"
)
print(polars_df.dtypes)
# Output:
# [UInt64, String]

# Streaming into batches of DataFrames (polars shown)
with client.query_df_arrow_stream(
    "SELECT number, toString(number) AS str FROM system.numbers LIMIT 100000", dataframe_library="polars"
) as stream:
    for df_batch in stream:
        print(f"Received {type(df_batch)} batch with {len(df_batch)} rows and dtypes: {df_batch.dtypes}")

from clickhouse_connect.datatypes.format import set_read_format

# Return both IPv6 and IPv4 values as strings
set_read_format("IPv*", "string")

# Return all Date types as the underlying epoch second or epoch day
set_read_format("Date*", "int")

# Return any UUID column as a string
client.query(
    "SELECT user_id, user_uuid, device_uuid FROM users",
    query_formats={"UUID": "string"},
)

# Return IPv6 values in the `dev_address` column as strings
client.query(
    "SELECT device_id, dev_address, gw_address FROM devices",
    column_formats={"dev_address": "string"},
)

import clickhouse_connect
from clickhouse_connect.driver.external import ExternalData

client = clickhouse_connect.get_client()
ext_data = ExternalData(
    file_path="/data/movies.csv",
    fmt="CSV",
    structure=[
        "movie String",
        "year UInt16",
        "rating Decimal32(3)",
        "director String",
    ],
)
result = client.query(
    "SELECT name, avg(rating) "
    "FROM directors INNER JOIN movies ON directors.name = movies.director "
    "GROUP BY directors.name",
    external_data=ext_data,
).result_rows

result = client.query(
    "SELECT "
    "toDateTime('2026-01-15 12:00:00', 'UTC') AS utc_time, "
    "toDateTime('2026-01-15 12:00:00', 'America/Denver') AS denver_time",
    tz_mode="aware",
)

assert result.first_row[0].tzinfo is not None
assert result.first_row[1].tzinfo is not None