lead

返回在有序窗口中、相对于当前行向后偏移指定行数的那一行上计算得到的值。 此函数与 leadInFrame 类似，但始终使用 ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING 这一窗口框架。

语法

lead(x[, offset[, default]])
  OVER ([[PARTITION BY grouping_column] [ORDER BY sorting_column]] | [window_name])
FROM table_name
WINDOW window_name as ([[PARTITION BY grouping_column] [ORDER BY sorting_column])

有关窗口函数语法的更多详情，请参阅：Window Functions - Syntax。

参数

• x — 列名。
• offset — 要应用的偏移量。(U)Int*。（可选，默认值为 1）。
• default — 当计算得到的行超出窗口帧边界时返回的值。（可选，省略时为列类型的默认值）。

返回值

• 在有序窗口帧中，位于当前行之后 offset 行对应行所计算得到的值。

示例

此示例使用诺贝尔奖获奖者的历史数据，并使用 lead 函数返回物理学类别中连续获奖者的列表。

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW nobel_prize_laureates
AS SELECT *
FROM file('nobel_laureates_data.csv');

SELECT
    fullName,
    lead(year, 1, year) OVER (PARTITION BY category ORDER BY year ASC
      ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
    ) AS year,
    category,
    motivation
FROM nobel_prize_laureates
WHERE category = 'physics'
ORDER BY year DESC
LIMIT 9

   ┌─fullName─────────┬─year─┬─category─┬─motivation─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
1. │ Anne L Huillier  │ 2023 │ physics  │ for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter                     │
2. │ Pierre Agostini  │ 2023 │ physics  │ for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter                     │
3. │ Ferenc Krausz    │ 2023 │ physics  │ for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter                     │
4. │ Alain Aspect     │ 2022 │ physics  │ for experiments with entangled photons establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and  pioneering quantum information science │
5. │ Anton Zeilinger  │ 2022 │ physics  │ for experiments with entangled photons establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and  pioneering quantum information science │
6. │ John Clauser     │ 2022 │ physics  │ for experiments with entangled photons establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and  pioneering quantum information science │
7. │ Giorgio Parisi   │ 2021 │ physics  │ for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales                │
8. │ Klaus Hasselmann │ 2021 │ physics  │ for the physical modelling of Earths climate quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming                        │
9. │ Syukuro Manabe   │ 2021 │ physics  │ for the physical modelling of Earths climate quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming                        │
   └──────────────────┴──────┴──────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘