跳转到主内容
跳转到主内容

CREATE QUOTA

创建一个 QUOTA,可分配给用户或角色。

语法:

CREATE QUOTA [IF NOT EXISTS | OR REPLACE] name [ON CLUSTER cluster_name]
    [IN access_storage_type]
    [KEYED BY {user_name | ip_address | client_key | client_key,user_name | client_key,ip_address | normalized_query_hash} | NOT KEYED]
    [FOR [RANDOMIZED] INTERVAL number {second | minute | hour | day | week | month | quarter | year}
        {MAX { {queries | query_selects | query_inserts | errors | result_rows | result_bytes | read_rows | read_bytes | written_bytes | execution_time | failed_sequential_authentications | queries_per_normalized_hash} = number } [,...] |
         NO LIMITS | TRACKING ONLY} [,...]]
    [TO {role [,...] | ALL | ALL EXCEPT role [,...]}]

user_nameip_addressclient_keyclient_key, user_nameclient_key, ip_addressnormalized_query_hash 对应于 system.quotas 表中的字段。

参数 queriesquery_selectsquery_insertserrorsresult_rowsresult_bytesread_rowsread_byteswritten_bytesexecution_timefailed_sequential_authenticationsqueries_per_normalized_hash 对应于 system.quotas_usage 表中的字段。

ON CLUSTER 子句允许在集群上创建配额,参见 Distributed DDL

示例

在 15 个月的限制条件下,将当前用户的查询次数限制为最多 123 次:

CREATE QUOTA qA FOR INTERVAL 15 month MAX queries = 123 TO CURRENT_USER;

对于默认用户,将 30 分钟内的最大执行时间限制为 0.5 秒,并在 5 个季度内将最大查询次数限制为 321 次、最大错误次数限制为 10 次:

CREATE QUOTA qB FOR INTERVAL 30 minute MAX execution_time = 0.5, FOR INTERVAL 5 quarter MAX queries = 321, errors = 10 TO default;

创建一个 QUOTA,使每种不同的规范化查询模式都有各自独立的桶,并将执行次数限制为每小时 100 次:

CREATE QUOTA qC KEYED BY normalized_query_hash FOR INTERVAL 1 hour MAX queries = 100 TO default;

将任意单个归一化查询模式限制为每小时最多执行 50 次 (与配额键类型无关) :

CREATE QUOTA qD FOR INTERVAL 1 hour MAX queries_per_normalized_hash = 50 TO default;

更多关于 xml 配置 (在 ClickHouse Cloud 中不支持) 的示例,请参见配额指南