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timeSeriesChangesToGrid

聚合函数,将时间序列数据作为时间戳和值的对,并在由开始时间戳、结束时间戳和步长描述的规则时间网格上计算 PromQL 类似的变化。对于网格上的每个点,计算 changes 的样本在指定的时间窗口内考虑。

参数:

  • start timestamp - 指定网格的开始
  • end timestamp - 指定网格的结束
  • grid step - 指定网格的步长(单位:秒)
  • staleness - 指定考虑样本的最大“陈旧性”(单位:秒)

参数:

  • timestamp - 样本的时间戳
  • value - 与 timestamp 对应的时间序列值

返回值: 在指定网格上的 changes 值,返回为 Array(Nullable(Float64))。返回的数组包含每个时间网格点的一个值。如果在窗口内没有样本用于计算特定网格点的变化值,则该值为 NULL。

示例: 以下查询计算网格 [90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 195, 210, 225] 上的 changes 值:

WITH
    -- NOTE: the gap between 130 and 190 is to show how values are filled for ts = 180 according to window paramater
    [110, 120, 130, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230]::Array(DateTime) AS timestamps,
    [1, 1, 3, 5, 5, 8, 12, 13]::Array(Float32) AS values, -- array of values corresponding to timestamps above
    90 AS start_ts,       -- start of timestamp grid
    90 + 135 AS end_ts,   -- end of timestamp grid
    15 AS step_seconds,   -- step of timestamp grid
    45 AS window_seconds  -- "staleness" window
SELECT timeSeriesChangesToGrid(start_ts, end_ts, step_seconds, window_seconds)(timestamp, value)
FROM
(
    -- This subquery converts arrays of timestamps and values into rows of `timestamp`, `value`
    SELECT
        arrayJoin(arrayZip(timestamps, values)) AS ts_and_val,
        ts_and_val.1 AS timestamp,
        ts_and_val.2 AS value
);

响应:

   ┌─timeSeriesChangesToGrid(start_ts, end_ts, step_seconds, window_seconds)(timestamp, value)─┐
1. │ [NULL,NULL,0,1,1,1,NULL,0,1,2]                                                            │
   └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

也可以将多个时间戳和值样本作为相同大小的数组传递。使用数组参数的相同查询:

WITH
    [110, 120, 130, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230]::Array(DateTime) AS timestamps,
    [1, 1, 3, 5, 5, 8, 12, 13]::Array(Float32) AS values,
    90 AS start_ts,
    90 + 135 AS end_ts,
    15 AS step_seconds,
    45 AS window_seconds
SELECT timeSeriesChangesToGrid(start_ts, end_ts, step_seconds, window_seconds)(timestamps, values);
备注

此函数为实验性功能,通过设置 allow_experimental_ts_to_grid_aggregate_function=true 来启用。